Water protection: The exterior sill is typically angled downward to direct rainwater away from the walls and foundation, preventing leaks and moisture damage like rot and mold.
Structural support: As a rigid base, the sill provides structural integrity to the window, preventing it from shifting as the building settles.
Energy efficiency: A properly installed sill creates an airtight seal that helps insulate the window, reducing drafts and heat loss.
Decorative space: The interior sill, technically known as a "window stool," is a flat surface that can be used to display plants, books, photos, and other decorative items.